how to write an outline for an essay mla

How to write an outline in MLA format

Published October 22, 2020. Updated August 15, 2021.

What is an outline?

An outline is like a floor plan for your paper. It is used to plan out the scope of the paper, what it is going to explore, and most importantly, what it is going to look like, i.e., its presentation. Outlines themselves have a structure and format that should be followed for the best results.

An outline in MLA format should have the following:

• 1-inch margins, with double spacing
• 12-point font, left-aligned text
• center-aligned title with capitalized words using headline case

For help writing your essay, research paper , or other project, check out these writing tips .

Features of an outline

Following are the basic elements that need to be included in any outline.

The outline opens with a title or heading that directly addresses the topic. The title should be short and easy to read. As it is the first thing you see, it should convey the basic topic or objective of the paper quickly and creatively.

Thesis statement

This is the most important part of an outline. Not to be confused with an introduction or abstract, the purpose of a thesis is to highlight the topic under discussion. It is brief (not more than 4-5 lines) and presents the topic, aim, and logical conclusion of the paper. This is presented with the word ‘THESIS’ in capital letters followed by a colon (:) before you begin your statement.

Headings should be the main points that address your thesis statement. Ideally, headings should be labeled using numbers or letters and an outline typically does not have more than 4-5 headings,  though the number of headings depends on the length of the paper and the complexity of the topic. These should be concise and should be keywords or short phrases that describe what you are going to discuss, rather than presenting full sentences or details. Use a logical and coherent order to arrange the headings in your outline. This order will correspond to the order and structure of your paper, meaning that the paper will follow the outline’s sequence for discussing these points.

Subheadings

These fall under the main headings and should also be numbered in a way that differentiates them from the main headings. For example, if you use letters to label the main headings, then you should use numbers for your subheadings or vice-a-versa. Subheadings are used to present the key points that support your headings. Again, these should be short and should only include keywords that represent what is going to be explored under the particular heading.

Note : Too many headings and/or subheadings can crowd the outline, making it look confusing and clumsy. So, include only the most important and relevant points in these sections. Outlines should be concise and precise, as their purpose is to provide an overview of the paper and not its details.

Sample MLA outline

The following is a sample MLA style outline:

Florida Panthers in Danger

THESIS: The Florida panther has become the topmost endangered species of America due to various causes. This animal needs immediate preservation and protection, otherwise, it will cease to exist.

• Natural Habitat
• Decreasing Population Statistics
• Loss of Habitat
• Illegal Poaching
• Natural Causes
• Preservation Laws for Forest Covers
• Anti-Poaching Laws
• Assistance from Wildlife Organizations
• Public Awareness
• Successful Implementation of Protection Measures
• Unsuccessful Implementation of Protection Measures

MLA Style Guides

MLA Format: Annotated bibliography | Abstract | Block Quote | Headings | MLA 8 vs. 9 | Outline | Page Numbers | Sample paper | Title page

Citing Sources: In-text citations | Works cited | Footnotes | Citing Multiple Authors | Citing Sources with No Authors | Using et al

MLA Citation Generator: Article | Book | Image | Interview | Journal | Movie | PDF | Textbook | Website | YouTube

Published July 14, 2021.

What’s included with a Chegg Writing subscription

• Unlimited number of paper scans
• Plagiarism detection: Check against billions of sources
• Expert proofreading for papers on any subject
• Grammar scans for 200+ types of common errors
• Automatically create & save citations in 7,000+ styles
• Cancel subscription anytime, no obligation

Purdue Online Writing Lab College of Liberal Arts

Types of Outlines and Samples

Welcome to the Purdue OWL

This page is brought to you by the OWL at Purdue University. When printing this page, you must include the entire legal notice.

Copyright ©1995-2018 by The Writing Lab & The OWL at Purdue and Purdue University. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, reproduced, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed without permission. Use of this site constitutes acceptance of our terms and conditions of fair use.

Alphanumeric Outlines

This is the most common type of outline and usually instantly recognizable to most people. The formatting follows these characters, in this order:

• Roman Numerals
• Capitalized Letters
• Arabic Numerals
• Lowercase Letters

If the outline needs to subdivide beyond these divisions, use Arabic numerals inside parentheses and then lowercase letters inside parentheses. Select the "Sample Outlines" PDF in the Media Box above to download the sample of this outline.

The sample PDF in the Media Box above is an example of an outline that a student might create before writing an essay. In order to organize her thoughts and make sure that she has not forgotten any key points that she wants to address, she creates the outline as a framework for her essay.

What is the assignment?

Your instructor asks the class to write an expository (explanatory) essay on the typical steps a high school student would follow in order to apply to college.

What is the purpose of this essay?

To explain the process for applying to college

Who is the intended audience for this essay?

High school students intending to apply to college and their parents

What is the essay's thesis statement?

When applying to college, a student follows a certain process which includes choosing the right schools and preparing the application materials.

Full Sentence Outlines

The full sentence outline format is essentially the same as the Alphanumeric outline. The main difference (as the title suggests) is that full sentences are required at each level of the outline. This outline is most often used when preparing a traditional essay. Select the "Sample Outlines" PDF in the Media Box above to download the sample of this outline.

Decimal Outlines

The decimal outline is similar in format to the alphanumeric outline. The added benefit is a system of decimal notation that clearly shows how every level of the outline relates to the larger whole. Select the "Sample Outlines" PDF in the Media Box above to download the sample of this outline.

Stay in touch

BeeStudent.com provides professional, original and high-quality assignment writing services that are aimed at helping students with their research and writing needs.

How to Write an Outline in MLA Format?

Creating an outline in MLA format starts with drafting your thesis statement. This statement sets the focus of your paper and should go at the very beginning of your outline. Next, you organize the major points that support your thesis and label them with Roman numerals (I, II, III, etc.). Under each major point, you need to include supporting details or arguments, which should be labeled with capital letters (A, B, C, etc.).

The goal of this article is to walk you through how to write an outline in MLA format. Whether you're writing a paper or a project, we'll cover the steps to make sure your outline is set up right.

If you need help at any point, EssayService is a great option for help. Our team can assist with all types of academic tasks, from creating outlines to final edits!

Formatting Guidelines for Outline in MLA Format

Creating an outline in MLA format means following specific rules for formatting to ensure clarity and consistency. Here's a simple guide to get started:

These guidelines help keep your outline neat and professional, which is essential in academic writing. Now that the basics are covered let's move on to what the outline should actually include.

MLA Style Outline Components

Your title should be centered at the top of the page and written in standard title case (capitalize the main words). Avoid unnecessary bolding, underlining, or italicizing.

For example: "Impact of Climate Change on Agriculture: A Detailed Study"

Thesis Statement

The thesis comes right after the title and is labeled as THESIS in all caps, followed by a colon and your statement.

For example: THESIS: Climate change significantly affects agricultural productivity, requiring immediate action. This format makes your central argument clear from the start.

Headings and Subheadings

MLA uses a hierarchical system to organize information. Here's how it works:

• Example: I. Introduction
• Use uppercase letters (A, B, C).
• Example: A. Definition of Climate Change
• Use Arabic numerals (1, 2, 3).
• Example: 1. Causes of Climate Change
• Use lowercase letters (a, b, c).
• Example: a. Industrial Emissions
• Example: (1) Carbon Emissions
• Example: (a) Historical Data

Steps to Create an MLA Citation Outline

To make an MLA citation outline, follow these simple steps:

• Select a Topic: Start by choosing a topic that fits the assignment's requirements and sparks your interest. If you're writing about a broad subject, narrow it down to something specific.
• Conduct Research: Look for information from reliable sources like academic journals, books, and trusted websites. Take notes on key points and jot down citation details like author names and publication dates - you'll need these later for your bibliography.
• Develop a Thesis Statement: Write a clear thesis that sums up your main argument or purpose in one sentence.
• Organize Main Points: Break your thesis into a few key arguments or sections. Each one will serve as a main heading in your outline.
• Add Supporting Details: Under each main point, add specific evidence, examples, or quotes that back up your argument.
• Review and Revise: Step back and check your outline. Does it flow logically? Are all points relevant to your thesis? Finally, ensure your outline follows MLA guidelines, like proper heading format and spacing.

MLA Outline Format Template

Creating an MLA outline doesn't have to be complicated. Below is a basic template you can use:

Use Roman numerals for main headings, uppercase letters for subheadings, and Arabic numerals for supporting details. Add further subdivisions with lowercase letters as needed.

MLA Outline Sample

Seeing a real example can make it easier to put your ideas into action. Here's a sample MLA style outline:

Purpose of MLA Formatted Outline

An MLA-formatted outline is a powerful tool to keep your writing focused and organized. Let's break down the key reasons why this outline matters:

• Clarifies Your Argument: Helps you map out your thesis and main points so your argument stays sharp and clear.
• Keeps You on Track: Prevents you from veering off-topic by giving your essay a clear roadmap.
• Organizes Research: Allows you to fit evidence and examples neatly into the right sections without feeling scattered.
• Saves Time: Streamlines the writing process by laying the groundwork, making drafting quicker and more efficient.
• Improves Readability: Ensures your paper follows a logical structure, making it easier for readers (and graders) to follow your argument.
• Demonstrates Professionalism: Adhering to MLA guidelines shows attention to detail and respect for academic standards.

The Bottom Line

To sum up, writing an MLA outline involves these key steps:

• Begin with your thesis statement at the top.
• List major points to support your thesis, labeling them with Roman numerals.
• Add supporting details under each major point, labeled with capital letters.

With this structure in place, you'll have a solid foundation for your paper.

If you find yourself struggling with outlines, citations, or any part of the academic process, EssayService team can guide you through the toughest assignments and make sure your work is professional!

Frequently asked questions

What is an mla outline, how to write an mla outline.

• ‍ Sample Outline for an MLA Paper (Orlov) . (n.d.). https://www.palomar.edu/pages/lmaunu/wp-content/uploads/sites/72/2013/09/Sample-Outline.pdf ‍
• ‌ Research Guides: MLA Style: Basics: MLA Style: Home . (2024). Snhu.edu . https://libguides.snhu.edu/mla

She was flawless! first time using a website like this, I've ordered article review and i totally adored it! grammar punctuation, content - everything was on point

This writer is my go to, because whenever I need someone who I can trust my task to - I hire Joy. She wrote almost every paper for me for the last 2 years

Term paper done up to a highest standard, no revisions, perfect communication. 10s across the board!!!!!!!

I send him instructions and that's it. my paper was done 10 hours later, no stupid questions, he nailed it.

Sometimes I wonder if Michael is secretly a professor because he literally knows everything. HE DID SO WELL THAT MY PROF SHOWED MY PAPER AS AN EXAMPLE. unbelievable, many thanks

New posts to your inbox!

Stay in touch

How to Write an Outline of a Research Paper in MLA Style

Table of contents

• 1.1 Thesis Statement of Research MLA Paper Outline
• 1.2 Headings and Subheadings of Research MLA Paper Outline
• 1.3 Time and Date
• 1.4 Alphanumeric Format
• 2.1 Choose a Topic and Define Your Thesis Statement
• 2.2 Determine Main Headings Based on Key Points of Your Research
• 2.3 Use Roman numerals (I, II, III) for Main Headings
• 2.4 Identify Sub-Points for Each Main Heading
• 2.5 Use Capital Letters (A, B, C) For Subheadings
• 2.6 Provide Additional Details or Supporting Points for Sub-Points
• 2.7 Use Arabic numerals (1, 2, 3) for detailed points
• 2.8 Use Consistent Punctuation and Parallel Structure for All Points
• 2.9 The Templates of MLA Research Paper Outline
• 2.10 Alphanumeric outline example
• 2.11 Decimal outline example
• 2.12 Checklist of a Good MLA Outline for a Research Paper
• 3 Prepare For Easy Writing

If you want to learn how to write an MLA outline, this article is the right resource to guide you. An MLA outline serves as a plan, the bedrock of your research paper. It is highly recommended; even your professor would recommend you write it!

• We will explore the essential features that make for a great MLA outline.
• We will walk you through the process of drafting your paper, outlining the necessary components and steps.
• You’ll learn how to organize your paragraphs and sections and structure your work.
• After reading this article, you’ll better understand how your outline can help you compose an outstanding research paper in MLA format.

Let’s now look into the features of MLA style outline and discuss how you can write yours.

Key Components of an MLA Outline

Every MLA outline requires certain components. If you begin with these key components in mind, you will be done in no time. Let’s discuss what should be included in your MLA outline.

Thesis Statement of Research MLA Paper Outline

Before you even start with the MLA paper, you need to write a thesis. It is important for any paper, and it is essential. It goes before the research paper outline and explains the paper, the ideas, and the main elements you will use. It should be 6–7 lines, but you can shorten it. You can proceed to the research paper outline once you have them. It is essential to add that the thesis is not an introduction for an MLA-style outline, essay, or anything similar. Rather, it is a summary that explains the point of your paper.

Headings and Subheadings of Research MLA Paper Outline

Now, you will have to organize the ideas you will use. In simple terms, do not use vague or unimportant pieces of information. You will create headings, and then you will create subheadings. A structured research paper outline will have as many headings/subheadings as you need to explain the topic in detail.

MLA format may be beneficial in this case scenario. An outline in MLA format should present all main ideas, similar to an APA outline format but with MLA-specific guidelines. The goal is to stay accurate and detailed but not extreme. Remember to use Times New Roman as it is the standard for an MLA research paper.

Creating an MLA outline for a research paper is essential to writing. An outline helps to ensure that your work remains focused and organized throughout the writing process. If you struggle to create an outline, an online paper writer can help you create a comprehensive, and effective one.

Time and Date

In an MLA research paper outline, you typically do not include specific dates or times as part of the outline structure. The primary purpose of an outline in MLA format is to organize the content of your paper into a hierarchical structure with headings and subheadings

You may include dates or times within the body of your research paper when discussing events, studies, or historical context relevant to your topic. However, these should be incorporated within the paragraphs and not as part of the outline itself.

Here’s an example of how you might incorporate a date within the body of your paper:

• Background and Historical Context
• Early Developments in the Field (Late 19th Century)

Alphanumeric Format

An alphanumeric system is required for MLA format. It involves alternating between alphabets and numerals, depending on the sections. You may have to use Roman or Arabic numerals and upper or lower case letters.

Creating an MLA outline is essential for organizing your research effectively. If you’re facing challenges with structuring or writing your paper, consider using a professional research paper writing service to ensure your work is well-organized and meets academic guidelines.

Step-by-Step Guide to Writing an MLA Research Paper Outline

If you are still lost on how to write an outline in MLA format, there is no need to worry. We have provided MLA guidelines and rules for writing a research paper . The steps below will provide a guide to structuring your paper.

Choose a Topic and Define Your Thesis Statement

Consider the assignment requirements and pick a topic that interests you. Ensure the scope is neither too broad nor narrow; you can ask your professor for guidance.

Once your topic has been finalized, the next step to beginning your MLA format outline for speech is to define your thesis statement. If you’re addressing biology research questions , this will help organize your thoughts around key scientific points. You do not have to get it right the first time. Instead, see it as a preliminary to help you structure your assignment. You can adjust it to suit your preferences while drafting your MLA outline format.

Determine Main Headings Based on Key Points of Your Research

Your main headings should reflect the main scope of your MLA format research paper. You can outline these headings by looking at the key points of your paper. Other sublevel headings can signal the scope of the main headings.

Use Roman numerals (I, II, III) for Main Headings

Differentiate the main headings in your paper from other headings using Roman numerals in front.

Identify Sub-Points for Each Main Heading

The sub-points of the main headings in an MLA outline sample are necessary for determining other headings. An example of this importance is the sublevel headings these points will represent.

Use Capital Letters (A, B, C) For Subheadings

The MLA outline for your research paper requires subheadings. You should always present these sublevel headings in capitals to emphasize them in the assignment.

Provide Additional Details or Supporting Points for Sub-Points

Your research outline should include additional details with MLA formatting. These details should serve as supporting sentences for the sub-points you identified for each heading.

Use Arabic numerals (1, 2, 3) for detailed points

Structure the detailed points with Arabic numerals to differentiate them from other information in the outline.

Use Consistent Punctuation and Parallel Structure for All Points

When using the MLA style outline for your research paper, ensure all points in the outline are properly punctuated and formatted with the right structure.

The Templates of MLA Research Paper Outline

Since you now have an appreciable knowledge of how to structure a research paper, here are a few MLA format outline examples. These could be applied to various fields, including legal research topics.

Alphanumeric outline example

Decimal outline example

Checklist of a Good MLA Outline for a Research Paper

The MLA format outline of every good research paper should follow a certain structure. An example of the ideal research paper layout contains all the necessary details. Drafting with a checklist would help ensure its structure follows the standard procedure. The best way to avoid skipping any of these details is a checklist. You can cross all the items and headings off your list once you have added them to the MLA format outline for your research paper. Use the checklist below to vet your work.

• The topic meets the assignment requirements.
• The entire text in the MLA outline follows the right format.
• The correct alphanumeric structure is used for the outline (e.g., I, II, III for main headings; A, B, C for subheadings; 1, 2, 3 for details).
• Parallel structure is used for all points (e.g., if using verbs, they are in the same tense and form).
• Double-spaced with a legible font (usually Times New Roman), 12-point size.
• The MLA research paper outlines One-inch margins on all sides.
• Header with page numbers in the upper-right corner.
• Points are organized logically, progressing from general to specific.
• Main headings correspond to main ideas/sections.
• The writer’s name, instructor’s name, course, and date are listed on separate lines (double-spaced) below the title.

Prepare For Easy Writing

It is necessary to draft a research paper outline before you begin writing in MLA format. This simple task would provide a foundation and guide you as you tackle your assignment. The basic sections of your outline are the introduction, body, and conclusion, so work your way around these, and you’ll be done in no time. Remember to select the appropriate MLA edition for your paper and read its manual before starting the outline. You should check out our MLA paper outline template for an idea of what is expected of you, especially if you’re working on complex subjects like legal research topics .

What is an MLA outline?

An outline in MLA format is precise as you think. It is a plan you will use to write the assignment. It consists of the headings, subheadings, and ideas you will have to use. Basically, this is a path you will take while writing, and it will reflect how your complete task will look at the end.

According to the modern language association, this is mandatory, and something all of you need to complete first. It eliminates mistakes and makes the whole task easier. Now you have a plan. You may want to follow these steps here and get the job done in less time and expect a better grade.

How to write an outline for a research paper MLA?

You will have to start by explaining the main idea of your essay. Then you will start with defining the headings. Add all the subheadings now and try to focus each one on an important part of the writing. Each one should explain the idea. This is the guide on what you will write later on. The idea must be relevant, accurate, and simple if possible. Do not use ideas that are inaccurate, have flaws, or are completely irrelevant to the essay. These can make a reader get bored and not interested.

When does the page numbering of the MLA research title page begin?

It should start with the first page. It always uses Arabic numbers, and all pages should be numbered. The numbers will have to be present in the upper right corner of the page, and there are no exceptions. The only expectation is that some professors will ask you not to number the first page. If that is mandatory, you will start from the second page using number 2 and move on. Numbers must be 0.5 inches from the top, and they must be flush with the proper margin.

How to set the outline of a research paper in MLA Style in Google Docs?

Formatting your research in this case scenario is simple. You will have to start a new document and click on the file/new/template. From there, you will have to search for the MLA template and open it when you find it. Then start with the main idea at the top. You will now have to write the headings followed by or containing the subheadings.

As you can see, the whole process is super easy and far easier than when using other platforms. There is no need to adjust all the settings and optimize the content manually. Keep in mind that you should use font sizes 12, 11.5, or 11.

How to set the outline of a research paper in MLA style in Word?

To start with your research paper outline in Word, start a new document. Click on no spacing and choose font and size. Write the main idea. Click on multi-level numbering and define multiple-level numbering then. Change the values. They should be A., I., 1. and so on (enter formatting for number). Choose the number style for this number in I, II, III for the first level, A, B, C for the third level, and 1, 2, 3 for the third level. Now you can start writing.

Readers also enjoyed

WHY WAIT? PLACE AN ORDER RIGHT NOW!

Just fill out the form, press the button, and have no worries!

We use cookies to give you the best experience possible. By continuing we’ll assume you board with our cookie policy.